Kalpactive 'Hot Brand' MCT Type Dyes                            

 (HOT BRAND - MONOCHLORD TRIAZINE BASED)                                                                      SHADE CARDS

 INTRODUCTION
 These are monochlorotriazine reactive dyes having a low reactivity and low substantivity. Since these dyes have
 low
 reactivity, they require more severe conditions for fixation with cellulosic materials. They are readily soluble by  pouring water of 80-85oC on powder & stirring it well. They are applicable on cellulosic materials by both dyeing
 as well as printing method.

 In comparision with cold brand 'C' dyes, the 'H' brand dyes require a long steaming time or a high thermofixation  temperature (with urea) for optimum fixation. 'H' dyes of low to medium substantivity and medium to high
 reactivity are most suitable. Dyes of very low substantivity may lead to migration problems in dyeing for fixation.

 When low concentration of highly substantive dyes are used, tailing becomes evident. Tailing is avoided by
 selecting dyes of low or medium substantivity, using small padding troughs fed to constant level and operating
 at highest running speed commansurate with the needs of the rest of the process.

 A) Dyeing Methods
 Though 'H' dyes are of major interest for printing applications, a variety of dyeing methods are used for 'H' dyes.

 i) Exhaust dyeing method : (Jigger Machines)
 Set the dye-bath with required amount of water at 40oC and add the half the amount of dyestuff solution with
 1-2 g/l resist salt, run for 1 trun and add the remaining half amount of dyestuff solution and run for another trun.

 Then add half of the salt and start raising the temperature slowly. (Such that 65 to 85oC temperature could be  attained after two turns). Run for 1 turn and then add the remaining half of the salt and give it another turn.

 Now add half the amount of predissolved alkali and give one turn. Temperature is maintained at 80oC. Add
 remaining half amount of alkali and give another three turns. For better fixation give two more turns and then
 drain the jigger.

Salt & alkali requirements (For cotton)
M:L ratio 1:5

 ii) Exhaust dyeing method : (Winch Machines)
 Viscose Rayon      
 The dye bath is set at 50^oC with 20 parts/1000 parts Resist salt and dissolved dye solution is added and fabric is
 dyed for 10 minutes.

 The required amount of salt is added and goods are dyed for about 15 minutes. Then soda ash is added and dyeing  is continued for further 10 minutes. Then bath is heated to fixation temperature and dyeing is continued
 for futher 60-90 minutes. The goods are then washed.

Salt and alkali requirements
parts/1000 parts

  iii) Pad - dyeing methods:
 'H' dyes are applicable by this method by using padding mangle and suitable drying and steaming equipments as
 per the requirement.

a) Pad - Dry - Bake - wash

 The fabric is padded cold in above padding liquor and dried fabric is then baked for 30 seconds to 5 minutes at
 200 - 160oC for fixation. The drying before thermofixation should be slow and even to avoid migration and an
 unlevel contition.

b) Pad - Dry - Steam - Wash

 The fabric is padding cold in above padding liquor and dried in hot flue. The fabric is then steamed for 3-10
 minutes at 100-105oC and washed-off.

 c) Pad - Dry - Chemicals pad - Dry - Steam - Wash
 The dye is dissolved with a minimum amount of urea and 10 parts of resist salt per 1000 parts pad liquor. The
 fabric is then padded cold, dried and passed through caustic soda in brine solution and then steamed for 60-75
 seconds at 100-105oC and washed off.

Parts/1000 parts

d) Pad - Batch - Wash - Dry

 The fabric is padded in the above padding liquor and covered with a plastic sheet. Keep it for maximum 24 hours
 and wash.

 Washing-off Procedure
 In order to obtain maximum wet-fastness properties, brightness and purity of shades with consistent dyeing results,  it is essential to give a thorough 'soaping' to clear-off unreached hydrolysed dye from the dyed fabric.

 The dyed fabric is rinsed repeatedly in cold water to remove most of thr alkali, salt and unmixed dye present and
 rinsed again in warm water not higher than 60oC. Then run in a bath containing:

 Anionic detergent

 1-2 gms/litre for 15 minutes at the boil. Then rinse in warm water (up to 60oC) and finally in cold water. The most
 satisfactory results in washing-off, particularly for piece goods,are obtained by employing an opensoaper or  perforated Bean-washing machine. If such equiptments are not available, conventional ones like jig or winch may
 be used. For yarn in the hank form open-vat is employed and for yarn in packaged form the package-dyeing  machine itself is used.

 (B)Printing Methods
 Due to low reactivity of these dyes the print paste stability containing alkali is very good. Secondly due to low  substantivity, the hydrolysed dyes have the least tendency to stain adjacent white materials and thus these dyes  are more popular for use by printing applications. The different printing methods are as under:

(i) Print - Dry -Steam - Wash - Dry
('H' dye with alkali)

 Process
 Mix dye powder with urea and pour hot water of temperature about 80-85oC and stir well to dissolve completely.  Add this dye solution to sodium alginate thickening paste containing resist salt and stir well to mix. Just befor  printing, add sodium Bicaronate. Print the cloth with above print paste and dry. Avoid over-drying and protect  printed goods from acid or reducing fumes. Then steam dried goods for 5-8 minutes on rapid ager or 15-20 minutes  on star ager.

ii) Print - Dry - Bake - Wash - Dry
('H' dye with alkali)

Process
Prepare the print paste, print and dry the goods. The dried goods are then baked as under:

 * Use sodium Bicaronate for Turq. Blue H5G and Red Brown H4R. Use 30 parts soda ash with black HN.

iii) Print - Dry - Pad - Batch - Sodium Silicate - Wash - Dry
('H' dye without alkali)

 The cloth is printed with above paste and dried. The dried goods are then padded in a sodium silicate solution of  100oTw and padding goods are batched on plastic sheet and kept for about 15 hours & then washed. (silicate :  1:2:1 Na2O : SiO2 ratio).

Key to Abbreviations :
L           = Low
M          = Medium
H          = High
V           =Very High
+          =Suitable
(+)       = Fairly Suitable
-           = Not Suitable

 Dischargeability        :   G = Good,   F = Fair,   P = Poor

 Light                            :   1 to 8 in increasing order

 Washing & other       :   1 to 5 in increasing order

 Y          = Yellow

 O          = Orange

 R          = Red

 V          = Violet

 B          = Blue

 Br        = Brown

 Bl         = Black

 G          = Green